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Biographies

Joshua (Salvatore) Ottolenghi (1861- 1934)

The Italian criminologist Joshua (Salvatore) Ottolenghi was born in Asti in 1861. Like Lombroso, he was of Jewish descent. He studied medicine at the University of Turin, receiving his qualification as MD in 1884, and was Lombroso’s assistant, also at Turin, from 1886 until 1892. In 1888 he was appointed Assistant Professor of Forensic Medicine. In 1893 he became Professor and Chief of the Medico-Forensic Department at the University of Sienna. In 1895 Ottolenghi gave a series of lectures to police officials. These laid the basis for the Scuola di Polizia Scientifica, which he founded in Rome in 1902. In the same year he was made Professor of Legal Medicine at the University of Rome. His major works include : Anomalie del campo visivo nei Precopatici e nei Criminali (1891); (with U. Rossi) Duocento Criminali e prostitute (1894); La Sensibilità della Donna, (1896); (with Rossi) La Suggestione e le facoltà psichiche occulte (1899); Polizia scientifica (1907); and Trattato di polizia scientifica (2 vols., 1910 and 1931).